Varicose veins, lower extremity – this is a chronic disease characterized by thinning of the arteries, the lumen of the extension of its walls, as well as any training-sicut sites. Most often affecting the lower extremities varicose disease; the most common pathologies from him, suffering approximately 40% of women 20% of men are.
Causes and risk factors
The blood flows from the veins of the lower extremities upwards, so the hang of it you force is gravity. Shaping this flow to nearby veins, tendons, and blood pressure residual. Encourage the blood vessels in the lower extremities and movement, "Nov" pump": during the movement, the leg muscles contract and tighten Vienna, so placebat ei Pulsar in their blood because venous valves prevent reverse flow up.
Weakness, venous insufficiency, causing a layer of the wall of the apparatus and cover Nov under the influence of actions "Nov" pump " the blood begins to flow, and backwards, i.e. downwards. In this way, the increased pressure in the blood vessels, more progress failure valves, Lumen expansion, arrival, and training sites. Fibers and atrophy of nerve receptors in regulating the venous wall the venous interrupted by Nov subject, in turn, makes you stronger, symptoms of venous insufficiency.
Risk factors for varicose disease of lower extremity:
- hereditary predisposition;
- pregnancy;
- obesity;
- daily prolonged sitting or standing;
- activities lifting heavy objects;
- systematic wearing tight clothes, corset;
- improper diet, insufficient content, diet, dietary fiber and vitamins;
- disorders, hormonal condition.
Prevention of varicose disease is a major role in active pursuits: sports (swimming, bike riding, sports, dancing, you can participate in activities like hiking, etc.
Disease form
Varicose of the lower extremities clinical features according to the specifications of the following form:
- intradermal and subcutaneous lesion segmental veins lack of blood flow to reverse them;
- lower extremity segmental blood flow accompanied by pathological lesion of a vein;
- veins superficial veins reverse blood flow and a defeat widely;
- deep vein blood vessels by a pathological system commonly accompanied a defeat dump.
The stage of the disease
The classification adopted in 2000, the Russian arrival phlebologist disease, lower extremity, account form, the degree of the disease, venous insufficiency, presence or absence of complications. According to him, the lower extremity varicose disease in three stages:
- Stage compensation. Sick show, no complaints. Yourself when you want to leave the city, for those who are detected in one or both legs enlarged superficial veins.
- Compensation Feb scene. Night the complaints of the patients, seizure disorders, skin sensitivity (paresthesia) is a sensation of swelling in the legs. In the evenings, often observed swelling in the legs, ankles and feet, the horizon after a night of sleep. In your consultation, your feet good visible enlarged varicose veins.
- Insufficiency scene. As described above, align the featured eczema, dermatitis. Skin pigment spots, dry, bright, tightly bound and subcutaneous tissue fibre.
Symptoms
Clinical varicose disease of the lower extremity is determined-stage disease. So, compensated, single stage, symptoms, and the emergence of venous insufficiency in the legs, vascular asterisks (telangiectasis).
With the advent of Subcomandante migration phase of the disease pain in the legs, swelling feet and ankles, calf cramps Nov. These symptoms after resting in a horizontal position ends.
The most obvious clinical picture varicose veins, lower extremities occurs in decompensated disease stage. The pain in the legs is permanent. Improved by patient complaints skin itching evening and night hours. Over time, the resulting dermatitis, eczema, trophic ulcer hardhealed. Often during the forensic phase on common symptoms: dizziness, low blood pressure. The relevant deposit extended venous network on the feet, a large amount of blood.
Complications of varicose disease, phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, bleeding of the destination nodes, trophic ulcers, pulmonary embolism.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of varicose disease of the lower extremities is the process. That is performed on the basis of characteristic clinical symptoms, diseases, and an objective review of the data.
Instrumental diagnostic methods used to evaluate the hemodynamic severity violated:
- Lower extremity venous color Doppler ultrasound;
- duplex angioscanning;
- rheovasography of the lower extremity veins.
Treatment
Treatment, varicose disease, lower extremities accordingly, the following methods or a combination of these:
- conservative treatment;
- sclerosing therapy;
- surgical intervention.
Conservative treatment of varicose disease of the lower extremity may be recommended for patients in the early stages of the disease, its aim is preventing progression of chronic venous insufficiency. Feb compensated and decompensated disease preparation also applied in the later stages of the patient's operational circumstances during the period of intervention or the use of other methods is contraindicated. Phlebotomist arrival based on the application of conservative treatment, compression socks comfortable to wear. In addition, patients regular exercise, physical therapy and physical activity to avoid long-term static loads.
Varicose veins, lower extremity, important complex hemodynamics, the available compression sclerotherapy. The essence of the method consists into the vein affected by a medication, urging him on spasm. After that, bandage elastic bandage or compression sock exercise leg foot Dom allowing you to maintain the wall, it is possible durmientes Vienna. Starts a few days later, in the process, bonding the walls of veins. You need to wear compression underwear for at least a month and a half after sclerotherapy training sufficiently dense adhesions between the walled veins.
In advanced stages of varicose disease of the lower extremities the most effective method is surgery. Operating techniques are selected on the basis of the technician, the stage of the disease, the shape, characteristics, hemodynamic disorders:
- laser coagulation;
- radio frequency coagulation;
- miniflebektomia;
- phlebotomy.
Possible complications and consequences
Complications of varicose disease mostly decompensation phase. These are:
- phlebitis (inflammation of veins expanded);
- thrombophlebitis (vein inflammation with the formation of a blood clot in her Lumen);
- bleeding destination nodes;
- trophic ulcer;
- pulmonary embolism (TH).
Most often affecting the lower extremities varicose disease; the most common pathologies from him, suffering approximately 40% of women 20% of men are.
Guess
ETA disease, timely treatment of the lower extremities positive.
Prevention
Of arrival in order to avoid the disease, the lower extremities still loads you need to avoid for a long time. If work requires standing or sitting down for a long time, breaks at regular intervals, a small gym, or at least walk. Of the day reach out and giving advice, his feet horizontally or exalted position.
Prevention of varicose disease is a major role in active pursuits: sports (swimming, bike riding, sports, dancing, you can participate in activities like hiking, etc.